Eolas mar chúlra agus na torthaí ábhartha
The aim of the present study was to assess possible adverse effects of transgene expression in leaves of field-grown barley relative to i) the influence of genetic background and ii) effect of plant interaction with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. We conducted parallel transcript profiling, metabolome profiling and metabolic fingerprinting of wild-type accessions and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) transgenics with i) seed-specific expression of (1,3-1,4)-ß-glucanase (GluB) being introgressed from the cultivar Golden Promise (GP) into the cultivar Baronesse (B) as well as of transgenics in the GP background with ii) ubiquitous expression of codon-optimized Trichoderma harzianum endochitinase (ChGP) that we generated and characterized in the course of the study.
We found more than 1600 differential transcripts between the varieties GP and B, with defense genes being strongly overrepresented in B, indicating a divergent response to subclinical pathogen challenge in the field. In contrast, no statistically significant differences between ChGP and GP could be detected based on transcriptome or metabolome analysis.
Céim na Forbartha
Thástálacha Cheaptha Teasa agus saotharlainne. Chéim thriail Allamuigh.
Cúiseanna le Bloc / Moill
Le dhá bhliain anuas, the incidence of scientific field trials being vandalised and destroyed by radical anti-biotechnology activists has drastically increased. Bhuail sé taifead i 2009, le 42% de thrialacha allamuigh sa Ghearmáin á scrios – ainneoin bearta costasacha slándála agus faireachais ag na láithreacha allamuigh, agus iarrachtaí cumarsáide fairsinge ó eolaithe chun an pobal i gcoitinne a chur ar an eolas, roimh agus i rith na dturgnaimh scaoilte araon.
Ár trialacha allamuigh an sprioc de ghrúpaí gníomhaí i 2006, 2007, 2008, agus 2009. Ba é an scrios i gcónaí suas go dtí 30% de phlandaí. Sa 2009, tar éis an scrios iomlán, d'fhéadfadh muid a shábháil ar an turgnamh ach amháin de bhun resowing iomlán.
Futhermore, mar gheall ar unclearities polaitíochta go raibh sé deacair i gcónaí a fháil ar an formheas deiridh maidir le an cur, cé go raibh an ceadú ginearálta don tionscadal mbithshábháilteacht agus réimse scaoileadh deonaithe. Go háirithe ós rud é 2008 bhí sé an-deacair a fháil ar an dul deiridh le haghaidh scaoileadh. Mar shampla i 2009, taithí againn moill suntasach mar thoradh ar cur déanach eorna ar Bealtaine 12 (Tá cur eorna is fearr is féidir ag deireadh mhí an Mhárta go dtí mí Aibreáin go luath).
Sochair tharscaoilte
An costas do na turgnaimh méadú suntasach mar gheall ar an bhfíric gur gá dúinn a chosaint láithreáin lá agus oíche le linn na tréimhse ar fad atá ag fás. Due to the destructions the project was prolonged for 2 bliana. Important scientific goals of the project could not be reached, including some epidemiologic studies related to the resistance status of genetically modified barley plants.
The barley is resistant to devastating Rhizoctoni solani root rot. Using this barley could reduce pesticides and by the same time support ecologically desirable reduced-tillage strategies that save soil structure and microbial communities.
Pictiúir
Genetically modified barley plants on the field site
Costas Taighde
Ca. 500.000 €
Tagairt do Foilseachán
Príomh-Imscrúdaitheoir
Karl-Heinz Kogel, Institut für Phytopathologie und Angewandte Zoologie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26, D-35392 Gießen, An Ghearmáin
Eolas Teagmhála
Karl.-Heinz.Kogel@agrar.uni-giessen.de