Cov teb chaws Europe rau tsob nroj zaum hu rau lub teb chaws thiab nyob sab Europe politicians rov xav txog ntawm kev cog kev tshawb, nrog rau kev siv txhob kaw hloov (GM) nroj tsuag.

Qhib tsab ntawv suam npe los ntawm tej zaum cov ntsiab lus hais uas yog teb chaws Europe yuav ncav cuag tus qab ntug 2020 lub hom phaj ntawm tackling kev xub muab ib tug pejxeem pheej loj nrog cov khoom noj nyob rau hauv ib txoj kev sustainable societal, lawv yuav tsum ua rau 1) tsim nyog rau tsob nroj science 2) possibilities ua teb thwmsim thiab 3) kiag ntawm GM cog yam uas tau raug pom zoo tso cai.

Stefan Jansson, Umeå University, Sweden, leej twg muaj coordinated lub dag zog, hais tias: "Nws nrov hnub rau campaigners pib ntawv thov los yog xa tsab ntawv no tab sis qhov no yog tsis tau daim ntawv teev xwb tej zaum cog, yuav tsis yog nws zaum nrog cov kev mus rau kev lag luam ib daim ntawv teev uas ib txhia yuav hais tias 'yuav hais ntawd lawm'. Tus 21 zaum ntawm xya lub teb chaws muaj tshaj influential Kawm Science theem pib cog nyob teb chaws Europe, raws li cov "txheem txiaj" rau xab feem kev, citations nyob rau hauv kev tshawb. Politicians uas xaiv las mees txoj xov tsis tau yav tom ntej hais tias lawv siv kev kawm tiag. “

Tsab ntawv points tias nroj tsuag qhia rau peb tej lub necessities ntawm lub neej, tab sis, peb siv lawv txo nws hwj peb ntiaj chaw hauv siab loj. Kev tshawb kawm thiab kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag, ua liaj/teb thiab forestry yog vim li no tseem ceeb heev los txo peb hneev taw ntiaj teb no kom. Lub signatories no muaj nyob rau hauv kev tshawb kawm txog systematics piv txwv, physiology, biochemistry, molecular ib, noob caj noob ces, ecophysiology, Ecology, pathology, biodiversity thiab los ntawm cov kev hloov kev nyab xeeb.

Yog makers kev txiav txim siab tsis tau chaw nyob no peb sib, Teb chaws Europe lawv yuav tsis ua rau ntiaj teb no kev tsim ib sustainable agricultural zog thiab cog kuas bio-economy. Cov teeb meem no zoo unfavourable txim – los yog tsis muaj kev txiav txim – nyob rau lub teb chaws tiaj, tiam sis ua particular rau EU theem.

Cov soj ntsuam ntawm emphasise tias yog lawv tsis publishing tsab ntawv no nyiam ntxiv nyiaj rau lawv tus kheej kev kawm tab sis vim hais tias muaj kev txhawj xeeb txog tiag uas nyob sab Europe basic thiab applied cog kev kawm yuav tau relegated rau tier lawv thib ob.

Daim ntawv qhia txog tsab ntawv yuav muaj retrieved ntawm no kuj mus luam hauv qab, as Well as tawm los.

Tsab ntawv qhib rau kev txiav txim siab makers nyob teb chaws Europe

Peb yeej seb zaub rau peb muab cov khoom noj khoom haus, tsev rau khoom, textiles,

tshuaj thiab roj. Cov qhov loj tshaj txoj kev sib tw txojkev noob neej yeej yuav tsum tau noj qab nyob zoo thiab zoo zaub mov, pub thiab roj mus ib burgeoning pejxeem siv agricultural thiab forestry kev coj uas muaj environmentally thiab kev lag kev luam sustainable. Tsaug rau tej kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov nroj tsuag, peb tam sim no to taub zoo li cas kom zaub loj hlob, lawv tiv thaiv li cas kom lawv tus mob thiab tej kev nyuaj siab, thiab lwm yam dab tsi txo tau ntau lawm hauv kev ua liaj/teb thiab forestry.

Teb chaws Europe tau muaj keeb kwm txog kev kawm cog. Robert Hooke nkag tau lub tswvyim ntawm tus "ntawm" rau lub 17^th xyoo pua tom qab saib cork slivers nyob rau hauv lub tshuab kuaj kab mob nws. Carl Linnaeus tsim systematics tom qab nws kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov nroj tsuag thiab Gregor Mendel deciphered cov kev cai ntawm noob caj noob ces tom qab ceevfaj heev suav hlav nyob hauv nws lub vaj monastery nyob Brno. Tsob nroj zaum sab chromosomes, enzymes thiab kab mob, thiab Charles Darwin siv ib feem ntawm nws kev hauj lwm ua ib tsob nroj biologist loj; "Lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm hom" pib "Thaum peb mus cuag tus neeg ntawm tus tib yam lossis ncua ntau yam ntawm peb cov khawb nroj tsuag thiab tsiaj txhu...". Kev tshawb xav-uas tau tsav cog tau ceeb leej mus tob zuj zus peb to taub txog qhov xwm thiab muab kev pab ntawm nws, tseem peb tsis muaj kev nkag siab txog ntau txoj phenomena hauv nroj tsuag yooj yim.

27 ntawm tus "30 feem ntau cov chaw sau phau ntawv cog kawm science"nyob teb chaws Europe (http://www.labtimes.org/labtimes/ranking/2013_04/index2.lasso) puag tom nimno ib txoj hauj lwm nyob rau ib lub koom haum uas tau nyiaj ntawm kev tshawb fawb nyob teb chaws Europe, thiab 21 leeg ntawm lub 27 tau kos npe rau tsab ntawv no. Peb ua hauj lwm rau ntau yaam ntawm kev kawm cog, Piv txwv li systematics, physiology, biochemistry, molecular ib, noob caj noob ces, ecophysiology, Ecology, pathology, biodiversity thiab los ntawm cov kev hloov kev nyab xeeb. Nws puas yuav tau ua zoo xav-uas tau tsav cog kev kawm nyob rau cov teb chaws Europe thiab peb lees peb cov nyiaj ntawm lub cev muab ntau yam, nyob rau hauv ntau respects cog kev kawm nyob rau cov teb chaws Europe ntawd ua neej zoo.

Txawm li cas los, zoo tsi zoo txaus. Cog kev kawm muaj arguably contributed ntxiv rau tus yuav txo tau cov pej xeem txoj dua kev tshawb biomedical, tau piv nrog rau tom kawg nws yog hugely underfunded thoob qab ntuj. Norman Borlaug ntsias thiab hom xeb-resistant hnav rua ntau lab ntawm tshaib plab. Yooj yim rau cov kev kawm nyob rau cov teb chaws Europe tau kuj yog ib txoj kev npaum ntawm uas txhawb applied research hauv poorer lub teb chaws. Peb muaj kev txhawj xeeb tias teb chaws Europe yuav muaj teeb meem loj xeeb nws cov cov ambitions ntawm qab ntug 2020: "tsoo nyaav heev societal" thiab "mus xyuas teb chaws Europe ua kev kawm world-class, tuskheej kom innovation thiab ua rau nws yooj yim rau cov pej xeem thiab ntiav cov sectors ua hauj lwm ua ke nyob rau hauv delivering innovation"thiab saib peb rau koj tej kev txiav txim siab makers rau qhov chaw nyob.

Ua ntej, muab lub societal txoj kev sib tw raws li hauv qab ntug dlaws 2020 nyiaj pab rau siv thiab applied cog kev kawm yuav raug tswj tseg los yog, yog ua tau, ua si. Tseem ceeb tshaj, yam dabtsi uas tsis huv thiab nov lawd, xws li tsim nroj tsuag rau kev nyab xeeb resilient hloov, tiv thaiv cov qoob loo biodiversity hluav taws, thiab tsim kev ua liaj/teb tias txhob unsustainable zov rau dej, zog, chiv thiab tej tshuaj tua kab. Cov paub tab yuav tsum muab teev tseg rau hauv qab ntug dabtsi ntsiv 2020 Yog hais lus.

Secondly, tsob nroj zaum yuav tsum tau mus ua teb thwmsim. Ntau peb ua hauj lwm nrog zaub hloov txhob kaw xaam kev tshawb, Piv txwv yuav to taub li cas haiv neeg cov nroj tsuag thiab cov qoob loo tiv thaiv lawv tus kheej rau kab tsuag thiab yuav hnov mob los hloov kev nyab xeeb. Txawm li cas los, nyob rau cov teb chaws ntawv tso cai ua teb thwmsim transgenic cog tej zaub txhaws tag lawm, txhob mus kev, tiam sis hauv plag thoj. Nyob hauv lub teb chaws uas kheev thwmsim tom teb, Cov no feem ntau systematically vandalized, ua rau mob loj loj kev thiab nyiaj txiag losses. Peb ib txhia muaj twb tau raug teeb meem thiab yuav muaj lwm yam cuab yeej vandalized. Qhov no yog ib daim rau kev kawm, mus tshawb xyuas qhov kev pab, thiab rau lwm haiv neeg xwb. Tub ceev xwm nyob sab Europe yuav tsum xyuas kom pom zoo thiab daim teb zoo thwmsim transgenic cog tej zaub uas ua tau. Vandals yuav tsum muaj kev txhaum cai thiab puag accountable kev puas kev thiab nyiaj txiag.

Thirdly, cov nyob sab Europe lub neej yuav tsum tso cai tso kiag ntawm tsob nroj txhob kaw hloov yam uas tau raug pom zoo thiab pom zoo los ntawm txoj cai competent (EFSA) nram qab no ib txhij txhua raws li kev kawm yuav raug ntsuam xyuas. Qhov no yog ib qho uas kom tau raws li lub qab ntug 2020 lub hom phiaj uas tshem kom innovation thiab ua nws yooj yim rau cov pej xeem thiab ntiav cov sectors ua hauj lwm ua ke nyob rau hauv delivering innovation. Tus tsib facto moratorium rau tsob nroj transgenic approvals dejnum rau tsob nroj applied kev kawm lawm thiab tau zoo eliminated possibilities rau qhov kev pab zaum thiab tuam txhab uas muag me tav loj rau haiv neeg. Qhov sib txeeb txo resulting muaj enhanced dominance lub noob loj thiab agrochemical corporations. Peb ntseeg hais tias ib tug kho kho nqi lus ntawm kev tswj GM yuav tsum uas raws qauv txheejtxheem kev kawm kuas nruj me ntsis thiab approvals, raws li qhov kev luj xyuas ntawm qhov kev zoo losis phem, qhov uas nws yog tiav qhov qauv.

Peb kev credibility tawm los ntawm peb qhov chaw ua hauj lwm ntawm kev kawm hauv theem pib cog. Peb ib txhia kuj mus thov peb txuj ci rau kev txhim kho cov nroj tsuag rau cov tib neeg lub neej, tab sis, yog vim li cas peb ua tsab ntawv no yog tsis nyiam coj mus muag los yog ntxiv nyiaj rau peb tus kheej kev kawm attracting cia. Xwb, peb yeej yuav yog tsis muaj nyiaj txaus thiab zoo infrastructures relegate nyob sab Europe basic thiab applied cog kev kawm kom muaj cov txheej xwm tier ob txhawj tiag. Yog cog zaum tsis tau mus thov lawv paub for the benefit of haiv neeg, Teb chaws Europe lawv yuav tsis ua rau ntiaj teb no kev tsim ib sustainable agricultural zog thiab cog kuas bio-economy. Tshaj nias thoob ntiajteb teeb meem – li cas hais tej kev hloov thiab kev ruaj ntseg zaub mov rau tas nrho – arguably yuav tsuas yuav solved nrog ib tug massively muaj thoob ntiaj teb peev hauv kev tshawb fawb tsob nroj.

Ian T. Baldwin, Lub koom haum Planck Max rau tshuaj Ecology, Jena, Lub teb chaws Yelemees

David C. Baulcombe, Sciences tsob nroj, Tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Cambridge, United Kingdom

Nina Buchmann, Agricultural Sciences, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Switzerland

Mark W. Caum, Jodrell (lab), Noob nom noob tswv lub vaj Botanical, Kew, Richmond, United Kingdom

Alisdair R. Fernie, Lub koom haum Planck Max rau Physiology Molecular tsob nroj, Potsdam, Lub teb chaws Yelemees

Christine H. Foyer, Centre rau tsob nroj Sciences, Tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Leeds, United Kingdom

Jiri Friml, Lub koom haum of Water (IST), Austria, Klosterneuburg, Austria

Jonathan Gershenzon, Lub koom haum Planck Max rau tshuaj Ecology, Jena, Lub teb chaws Yelemees

Wilhelm Gruissem, Cog Biotechnology, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland

Dirk Inzé, Cog tshuab ib, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Ghent University, Belgium

Stefan Jansson, Umeå cog Science Centre (UPSC), Cog Physiology, Umeå University, Sweden

Jonathan D. G. Jones, Lub Sainsbury Laboratory, Norwich, United Kingdom

Joachim Kopka, Lub koom haum Planck Max rau Physiology Molecular tsob nroj, Potsdam, Lub teb chaws Yelemees

Thomas Moritz, Umeå cog Science Centre (UPSC), Cov noob caj noob ces hav zoov thiab cog Phyiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Umeå, Sweden

Corné M. J. Pieterse, Tej cov ib, Utrecht University, Netherlands

Stephane Rombauts, Cog tshuab ib, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Ghent University, Belgium

Ben Scheres, Cog ib kev loj hlob, Tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Wageningen, Netherlands

Bernhard Schmid, Ib evolutionary thiab tej kev tshawb fawb, Tsev kawm ntawv ntawm Zürich, Switzerland

Mark Stitt, Lub koom haum Planck Max rau Physiology Molecular tsob nroj, Potsdam, Lub teb chaws Yelemees

Yves Van tsib tug phooj ywg, Cog tshuab ib, Vlaams Instituut voor Biotechnologie (VIB), Ghent University, Belgium

Detlef Weigel, Lub koom haum Planck Max rau ib kev loj hlob, Tübingen, Lub teb chaws Yelemees

Kev pab them nqi xov xwm:

• Euractiv
• Telegraph
• Tus saib xyuas
• Navigator zaub mov
• Nature.com
• BBSRC.